店を出るときウェイトレスに言った。「用心してよ、スー。君が出してくれたグラスには何かおかしなところがあるよ。上がふさがっていて下に穴がある。」

store; shop; establishment; restaurant

indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

to leave; to exit; to go out; to come out; to get out; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to start out; to set out; to move forward; to come to; to get to; to lead to; to reach; to appear; to come out; to emerge; to surface; to come forth; to turn up; to be found; to be detected; to be discovered; to be exposed; to show; to be exhibited; to be on display; to appear (in print); to be published; to be announced; to be issued; to be listed; to come out; to attend; to participate; to take part; to enter (an event); to play in; to perform; to be stated; to be expressed; to come up; to be brought up; to be raised; to sell; to exceed; to go over; to stick out; to protrude; to break out; to occur; to start; to originate; to be produced; to come from; to be derived from; to be given; to get; to receive; to be offered; to be provided; to be presented; to be submitted; to be handed in; to be turned in; to be paid; to answer (phone, door, etc.); to get; to assume (an attitude); to act; to behave; to pick up (speed, etc.); to gain; to flow (e.g. tears); to run; to bleed; to graduate

regular (stops at every station) Jouetsu-line Shinkansen

waitress

at (place, time); in; on; during; to (direction, state); toward; into; for (purpose); because of (reason); for; with; by; from; as (i.e. in the role of); per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month"); and; in addition to; if; although

to say; to utter; to declare; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise

care; precaution; guarding; caution

indicates certainty, emphasis, contempt, request, etc.; used when calling out to someone; used to catch one's breath or get someone's attention; yo!

Sioux; sou

you; buddy; pal; monarch; ruler; sovereign; (one's) master

indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; still; and

to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to show; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish; to make public; to send (e.g. letter); to produce (a sound); to start (fire); to serve (food); to begin ...; to start to ...; to burst into ...

class

topic marker particle; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

what; how many; you-know-what; that; whatsit; what's the expression; what do you call them; what?; hey!

indicates a question (sometimes rhetorical); or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); indicates doubt, uncertainty, etc.; emphatic prefix; suffix forming adjectives or adverbs; in that way

ridiculous; odd

place; spot; scene; site; address; district; area; locality; one's house; point; part; space; room; whereupon; as a result; about to; on the verge of; was just doing; was in the process of doing; have just done; just finished doing

to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to exist; to live; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about

above; up; over; elder (e.g. daughter); top; summit; surface; on; before; previous; superiority; one's superior (i.e. one's elder); on top of that; besides; what's more; upon (further inspection, etc.); based on (and occurring after); matters concerning...; as concerns ...; since (i.e. "for that reason"); suffix indicating higher social standing; place of one's superior (i.e. the throne); emperor; sovereign; shogun; daimyo; noblewoman (esp. the wife of a nobleman)

to be closed; to be blocked; to be healed (e.g. wound); to be shut up; to be clogged; to be plugged up; to be occupied; to be taken (e.g. accommodation)

below; down; under; younger (e.g. daughter); bottom; beneath; underneath; just after; right after; inferiority; one's inferior (i.e. one's junior); trade-in; preliminary; preparatory

hole; deficit; shortage; missing person (in a team, meeting, etc.); vacancy; opening; flaw; profitable place (or item, etc.) not well known by others; upset victory (with a large payoff); pit (of a theater); hiding place; underbelly (of society, etc.)