パイのおかわりをいかがですか。

Japanese babylon (species of shelled mollusk, Babylonia japonica); Japanese ivory shell; spinning top (traditionally made from a Japanese babylon shell)

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

honorific/polite/humble prefix

substitute; replacement; substituting; replacing; stand-in; proxy; alternate; deputy; relief; successor; compensation; exchange; return; second helping; another cup; seconds; upcoming program; upcoming programme

indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

how; in what way; how about

be; is

indicates a question (sometimes rhetorical); or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); indicates doubt, uncertainty, etc.; emphatic prefix; suffix forming adjectives or adverbs; in that way