古代の天文学者は、空のある物体を観察する道具を持たなかった。

Sentence Analyzer

古代 天文学者 ある 物体 観察する 道具 持たなかった

English Translation

Ancient astronomers did not have instruments to help them see objects in the sky.

Furigana

古代(こだい)天文学者(てんもんがくしゃ)は、(そら)のある物体(ぶったい)観察(かんさつ)する道具(どうぐ)()たなかった。

Romanji

Kodai no tenmongakusha wa, sora no aru buttai o kansatsusuru dōgu o motanakatta.

Words

古代 (こだい)
ancient times
()
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
天文学者 (てんもんがくしゃ)
astronomer
()
topic marker particle; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
(そら)
sky; the heavens
有る (ある)
to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to exist; to live; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
物体 (ぶったい)
body; object
()
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
観察 (かんさつ)
observation; survey
道具 (どうぐ)
tool; implement; instrument; utensil; apparatus; device; means
持つ (もつ)
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to carry; to possess; to have; to own; to maintain; to keep; to last; to be durable; to keep; to survive; to take charge of; to be in charge of

Kanji

Readings: コ、 ふる.い、 ふる-、 -ふる.す
Meaning: old
Readings: ダイ、 タイ、 か.わる、 かわ.る、 かわ.り、 か.わり、 -がわ.り、 -が.わり、 か.える、 よ、 しろ
Meanings: substitute, change, convert, replace, period, age, counter for decades of ages, eras, etc., generation, charge, rate, fee
Readings: テン、 あまつ、 あめ、 あま-
Meanings: heavens, sky, imperial
Readings: ブン、 モン、 ふみ、 あや
Meanings: sentence, literature, style, art, decoration, figures, plan, literary radical (no. 67)
Readings: ガク、 まな.ぶ
Meanings: study, learning, science
Readings: シャ、 もの
Meanings: someone, person
Readings: クウ、 そら、 あ.く、 あ.き、 あ.ける、 から、 す.く、 す.かす、 むな.しい
Meanings: empty, sky, void, vacant, vacuum
Readings: ブツ、 モツ、 もの、 もの-
Meanings: thing, object, matter
Readings: タイ、 テイ、 からだ、 かたち
Meanings: body, substance, object, reality, counter for images
Readings: カン、 み.る、 しめ.す
Meanings: outlook, look, appearance, condition, view
Reading: サツ
Meanings: guess, presume, surmise, judge, understand
Readings: ドウ、 トウ、 みち
Meanings: road-way, street, district, journey, course, moral, teachings
Readings: グ、 そな.える、 つぶさ.に
Meanings: tool, utensil, means, possess, ingredients, counter for armor, suits, sets of furniture
Readings: ジ、 も.つ、 -も.ち、 も.てる
Meanings: hold, have