今年の夏は寒かった。

Sentence Analyzer

今年の夏は寒かった。

English Translation

It was cold in the summer of this year.

Furigana

今年(ことし)の夏(なつ)は寒(さむ)かった。

Romanji

Kotoshi no natsu wa samukatta.

Words

今年 (ことし、こんねん)

this year

の (の)

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

夏 (なつ)

summer

は (は)

topic marker particle; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

寒い (さむい、さぶい)

cold (e.g. weather); uninteresting (esp. joke); lame; dull; weak; corny