木星の周辺を回っているもっと小さな惑星を見てケプラーは、外出中の王の回りを取り囲む護衛を思いだしたので、それを衛星と名付けたのだ。

Sentence Analyzer

English Translation

The smaller planets hovering around the planet Jupiter reminded him of the guards surrounding a king when he walked outdoors, and Kepler called them satellites.

Furigana

木星(もくせい)の周辺(しゅうへん)を回(まわ)っているもっと小(ちい)さな惑星(わくせい)を見(み)てケプラーは、外出中(がいしゅつちゅう)の王(おう)の回(まわ)りを取(と)り囲(かこ)む護衛(ごえい)を思(おも)いだしたので、それを衛星(えいせい)と名付(なづ)けたのだ。

Romanji

Mokusei no shūhen o mawatteiru motto chiisana wakusei o mite Kepura- wa, gaishutsuchū no ō no mawari o torikakomu goei o omoidashita node, sore o eisei to nazuketa no da.

Words

木星 (もくせい)

Jupiter (planet)

の (の)

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

周辺 (しゅうへん)

circumference; outskirts; environs; around; in the area of; in the vicinity of; (computer) peripheral

を (を)

indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

回る (まわる)

to turn; to revolve; to visit several places; to function well; to pass a certain time

もっと (もっと)

(some) more; even more; longer; further

小さな (ちいさな)

small; little; tiny

惑星 (わくせい)

planet

見る (みる)

to see; to look; to watch; to view; to observe; to look over; to look on; to assess; to examine; to judge; to look after; to keep an eye on; to take care of; to view (e.g. flowers, movie); to try; to try out; to see that...; to find that...

は (は)

topic marker particle; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

外出中 (がいしゅつちゅう)

while being out of the office or away from home

王 (おう)

king; ruler; sovereign; monarch; tycoon; magnate; champion; master; king

回り (まわり)

rotation; making the rounds; spreading; effect; efficacy; by way of; via; round; turn; size; 12-year period; 12-year age difference

取り囲む (とりかこむ)

to surround; to crowd around

護衛 (ごえい)

guard; convoy; escort

思う (おもう)

to think; to consider; to believe; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to regard; to imagine; to suppose; to dream; to expect; to look forward to; to feel; to desire; to want; to recall; to remember

ので (ので、んで)

that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ....; given that...

其れ (それ)

that (indicating an item or person near the listener, the action of the listener, or something on their mind); it; that time; then; there (indicating a place near the listener); you

衛星 (えいせい)

satellite

と (と)

if; when; and; with; particle used for quoting (with speech, thoughts, etc.); quoting particle; promoted pawn; indicates question (sentence end)

名付ける (なづける)

to name; to call; to christen; to term

だ (だ)

be; is; indicates past or completed action; indicates light imperative