人は生まれながら賢かったり愚かだったりするのか、それとも知性は生き方の結果なのか。

man; person; human being; mankind; people; human (Homo sapiens); humans as a species; character; personality; man of talent; true man; another person; other people; others; adult

topic marker particle; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

by nature; naturally; by birth; inborn

wise; clever; smart

-ing and -ing (e.g. "coming and going"); (used adverbially) doing such things as...; expresses a command; (after a noun) to be; indicates completion or continuation of an action

foolish; stupid

be; is; indicates past or completed action; indicates light imperative

to do; to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into); to serve as; to act as; to work as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.); to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as; to decide on; to choose; to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.); to be (in a state, condition, etc.); to be worth; to cost; to pass (of time); to elapse; verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs"); creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go"); to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

indicates a question (sometimes rhetorical); or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); indicates doubt, uncertainty, etc.; emphatic prefix; suffix forming adjectives or adverbs; in that way

or; or else

intelligence

way of life; how to live

result; consequence; outcome; effect; coming to fruition; bearing fruit