選択をするということは、常に犠牲を、つまり、ある物をあきらめて別のものを取ることを意味する。

selection; choice; option

indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

to do; to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into); to serve as; to act as; to work as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.); to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as; to decide on; to choose; to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.); to be (in a state, condition, etc.); to be worth; to cost; to pass (of time); to elapse; verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs"); creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go"); to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to

called; named; as many as; as much as; all X; every X

thing; matter; incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis; circumstances; situation; state of affairs; work; business; affair; after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to; nominalizing suffix; pretending to ...; playing make-believe ...; alias; aka; nickname; alternative name; also known as

topic marker particle; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

always; constantly

victim; sacrifice; scapegoat

that is to say; that is; in other words; I mean; in short; in brief; to sum up; ultimately; in the end; in the long run; when all is said and done; what it all comes down to; when you get right down to it; basically; clogging; obstruction; stuffing; (degree of) blockage; shrinkage; end; conclusion; dead end; corner; distress; being at the end of one's rope

a certain ...; some ...

thing; object; article; stuff; substance; one's things; possessions; property; belongings; things; something; anything; everything; nothing; quality; reason; the way of things; used to emphasize emotion, judgment, etc.; used to indicate a common occurrence in the past (after a verb in past tense); used to indicate a general tendency; used to indicate something that should happen; item classified as ...; item related to ...; work of ...; cause of ...; cause for ...; somehow; somewhat; for some reason; really; truly

to give up; to abandon (hope, plans); to resign oneself (to)

distinction; difference; different; another; particular; separate; extra; exception

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

to take; to pick up; to harvest; to earn; to win; to choose; to steal; to eat; to have (a meal); to remove (one's glasses, etc.); to compete (in sumo, cards, etc.); to play

meaning; significance