霜は農作物に悪影響を及ぼしました。

Sentence Analyzer

霜 は 農作物 に 悪影響 を 及ぼしました 。

English Translation

The frost had a bad effect on the crops.

Furigana

霜(しも)は農作物(のうさくもつ)に悪影響(あくえいきょう)を及(およ)ぼしました。

Romanji

Shimo wa nōsakumotsu ni akueikyō o oyoboshimashita.

Words

霜 (しも)

frost

は (は)

topic marker particle; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

農作物 (のうさくぶつ)

crops; agricultural produce

に (に)

at (place, time); in; on; during; to (direction, state); toward; into; for (purpose); because of (reason); for; with; by; from; as (i.e. in the role of); per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month"); and; in addition to; if; although

悪影響 (あくえいきょう)

bad influence; negative influence

を (を)

indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

及ぼす (およぼす)

to exert; to cause; to exercise

Kanji

霜

Readings: ソウ、 しも

Meaning: frost

農

Reading: ノウ

Meanings: agriculture, farmers

作

Readings: サク、 サ、 つく.る、 つく.り、 -づく.り

Meanings: make, production, prepare, build

物

Readings: ブツ、 モツ、 もの、 もの-

Meanings: thing, object, matter

悪

Readings: アク、 オ、 わる.い、 わる-、 あ.し、 にく.い、 -にく.い、 ああ、 いずくに、 いずくんぞ、 にく.む

Meanings: bad, vice, rascal, false, evil, wrong

影

Readings: エイ、 かげ

Meanings: shadow, silhouette, phantom

響

Readings: キョウ、 ひび.く

Meanings: echo, sound, resound, ring, vibrate

及

Readings: キュウ、 およ.ぶ、 およ.び、 および、 およ.ぼす

Meanings: reach out, exert, exercise, cause