池の魚がはねた。

pond

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

fish

indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; still; and

to hit (e.g. to have a car hit someone); to run into; to reject; to deny; to refuse; to eliminate; to exclude; to leave out; to flip; to splash; to splatter; to decapitate; to behead; to jump up; to point or curl up (e.g. ends of hair)