This site will be taken down March 31st, 2026.

This was not an easy decision to make. For the last couple years, I have been struggling to find motivation for this site and to keep up with basic maintenance and security updates. With the rise of AI and more sophisticated tools, the usefulness of sites like this is questionable and traffic has nose-dived. I just don't have it in me to keep doing this. Thank you all for 10 years of support!

Zach

都市の周囲はすっかり防備してあった。

Sentence Analyzer

都市 周囲 すっかり 防備してあった

English Translation

The city was fortified all about.

Furigana

都市(とし)周囲(しゅうい)はすっかり防備(ぼうび)してあった。

Romanji

Toshi no shūi wa sukkari bōbishiteatta.

Words

都市 (とし)
town; city; municipal; urban
()
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
周囲 (しゅうい)
surroundings; environs; circumference
()
topic marker particle; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
すっかり (すっかり)
all; completely; thoroughly
防備 (ぼうび)
defense; defence; defensive preparations

Kanji

Readings: ト、 ツ、 みやこ
Meanings: metropolis, capital
Readings: シ、 いち
Meanings: market, city, town
Readings: シュウ、 まわ.り
Meanings: circumference, circuit, lap
Readings: イ、 かこ.む、 かこ.う、 かこ.い
Meanings: surround, besiege, store, paling, enclosure, encircle, preserve, keep
Readings: ボウ、 ふせ.ぐ
Meanings: ward off, defend, protect, resist
Readings: ビ、 そな.える、 そな.わる、 つぶさ.に
Meanings: equip, provision, preparation