彼が腕を折ったのは氷の上で滑って転んだためだ。

he; him; his; boyfriend

indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; still; and

arm; skill; efforts; ability

indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

to break; to fracture; to break off; to snap off; to pick (e.g. flowers); to fold; to bend; to make (origami); to interrupt; to end

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

topic marker particle; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

ice; shaved ice (usually served with flavored simple syrup)

above; up; over; elder (e.g. daughter); top; summit; surface; on; before; previous; superiority; one's superior (i.e. one's elder); on top of that; besides; what's more; upon (further inspection, etc.); based on (and occurring after); matters concerning...; as concerns ...; since (i.e. "for that reason"); suffix indicating higher social standing; place of one's superior (i.e. the throne); emperor; sovereign; shogun; daimyo; noblewoman (esp. the wife of a nobleman)

indicates location of action; at; in; indicates time of action; indicates means of action; cause of effect; by; and then; so; indicates continuing action; indicates certainty, emphasis, etc.

to be slippery; to be slimy; to behave charmingly; to walk merrily

to fall down; to fall over

good; advantage; benefit; welfare; sake; purpose; objective; aim; consequence; result; effect; affecting; regarding; concerning

be; is; indicates past or completed action; indicates light imperative