This site will be taken down March 31st, 2026.

This was not an easy decision to make. For the last couple years, I have been struggling to find motivation for this site and to keep up with basic maintenance and security updates. With the rise of AI and more sophisticated tools, the usefulness of sites like this is questionable and traffic has nose-dived. I just don't have it in me to keep doing this. Thank you all for 10 years of support!

Zach

彼は10年以上も弁護士として開業してきた。

Sentence Analyzer

以上 弁護士 として 開業してきた

English Translation

He has been in practice as a lawyer for more than ten years.

Furigana

(かれ)は10(ねん)以上(いじょう)弁護士(べんごし)として開業(かいぎょう)してきた。

Romanji

Kare wa ichi zero nen ijō mo bengoshi toshite kaigyōshitekita.

Words

(かれ)
he; him; his; boyfriend
()
topic marker particle; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
(いち)
one; best; first; foremost; beginning; start; bottom string (on a shamisen, etc.)
(まる)
circle (sometimes used for zero); 'correct' (when marking); symbol used as a placeholder (either because a number of other words could be used in that position, or because of censorship); period; full stop; maru mark; semivoiced sound; p-sound
(とし)
year; many years; age; past one's prime; old age
以上 (いじょう)
not less than; ... and more; ... and upwards; beyond ... (e.g. one's means); further (e.g. nothing further to say); more than ... (e.g. cannot pay more than that); above-mentioned; foregoing; since ...; seeing that ...; this is all; that is the end; the end
()
too; also; in addition; as well; (not) either (in a negative sentence); both A and B; A as well as B; neither A nor B (in a negative sentence); even; as much as; as many as; as far as; as long as; no less than; no fewer than; even if; even though; although; in spite of; further; more; again; another; the other
弁護士 (べんごし)
lawyer; attorney
として (として)
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
開業 (かいぎょう)
opening a business; opening a practice

Kanji

Readings: ヒ、 かれ、 かの、 か.の
Meanings: he, that, the
Readings: ネン、 とし
Meanings: year, counter for years
Readings: イ、 もっ.て
Meanings: by means of, because, in view of, compared with
Readings: ジョウ、 ショウ、 シャン、 うえ、 -うえ、 うわ-、 かみ、 あ.げる、 -あ.げる、 あ.がる、 -あ.がる、 あ.がり、 -あ.がり、 のぼ.る、 のぼ.り、 のぼ.せる、 のぼ.す、 よ.す
Meanings: above, up
Readings: ベン、 ヘン、 かんむり、 わきま.える、 わ.ける、 はなびら、 あらそ.う
Meanings: valve, petal, braid, speech, dialect, discrimination, dispose of, distinguish, conical cap
Readings: ゴ、 まも.る
Meanings: safeguard, protect
Readings: シ、 さむらい
Meanings: gentleman, samurai, samurai radical (no. 33)
Readings: カイ、 ひら.く、 ひら.き、 -びら.き、 ひら.ける、 あ.く、 あ.ける
Meanings: open, unfold, unseal
Readings: ギョウ、 ゴウ、 わざ
Meanings: business, vocation, arts, performance