王手をかけられたほうは、玉を逃げるなどの方法で王手を防がねばなりません。

checkmate; check

indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

to hang (e.g. picture); to hoist (e.g. sail); to raise (e.g. flag); to sit; to take (time, money); to expend (money, time, etc.); to make (a call); to multiply; to secure (e.g. lock); to put on (glasses, etc.); to cover; to burden someone; to apply (insurance); to turn on (an engine, etc.); to set (a dial, an alarm clock, etc.); to put an effect (spell, anaesthetic, etc.) on; to hold an emotion for (pity, hope, etc.); to bind; to pour (or sprinkle, spray, etc.) onto; to argue (in court); to deliberate (in a meeting); to present (e.g. idea to a conference, etc.); to increase further; to catch (in a trap, etc.); to set atop; to erect (a makeshift building); to hold (a play, festival, etc.); to wager; to bet; to risk; to stake; to gamble; to be partway doing ...; to begin (but not complete) ...; to be about to ...; indicates (verb) is being directed to (someone)

point (of a sword, etc.); pointed verbal attack

topic marker particle; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

ball; sphere; globe; orb; bead (of sweat, dew, etc.); drop; droplet; ball (in sports); pile (of noodles, etc.); bullet; bulb (i.e. a light bulb); lens (of glasses, etc.); bead (of an abacus); ball (i.e. a testicle); gem; jewel (esp. spherical; sometimes used figuratively); pearl; female entertainer (e.g. a geisha); person (when commenting on their nature); character; item, funds or person used as part of a plot; egg; coin; precious; beautiful; excellent

to escape; to run away

et cetera; etc.; and the like; and so forth; or something; the likes of

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

method; process; manner; way; means; technique

indicates location of action; at; in; indicates time of action; indicates means of action; cause of effect; by; and then; so; indicates continuing action; indicates certainty, emphasis, etc.

to defend (against); to protect; to prevent