彼女はテーブルの上に皿を置いた。

she; her; her; girlfriend; sweetheart

topic marker particle; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

table

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

plate; dish; platter; disc; serving; helping; course; kanji radical 108 (at the bottom)

indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire; to employ; to place (one's trust, one's faith, etc); to bear (in mind etc); to put down a tool (e.g. a pen) hence stopping what one is doing with that tool; to take in (boarders, etc.); to provide lodging in one's house; to separate spatially or temporally; to do something in advance; to leave something in a certain state; to keep something in a certain state