This site will be taken down March 31st, 2026.

This was not an easy decision to make. For the last couple years, I have been struggling to find motivation for this site and to keep up with basic maintenance and security updates. With the rise of AI and more sophisticated tools, the usefulness of sites like this is questionable and traffic has nose-dived. I just don't have it in me to keep doing this. Thank you all for 10 years of support!

Zach

彼女は自分の負担で本を出版した。

Sentence Analyzer

彼女 自分 負担 出版した

English Translation

She published the book at her own expense.

Furigana

彼女(かのじょ)自分(じぶん)負担(ふたん)(ほん)出版(しゅっぱん)した。

Romanji

Kanojo wa jibun no futan de hon o shuppanshita.

Words

彼女 (かのじょ)
she; her; her; girlfriend; sweetheart
()
topic marker particle; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
自分 (じぶん)
myself; yourself; oneself; himself; herself; I; me; you
()
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
負担 (ふたん)
burden; charge; responsibility
(で、にて)
indicates location of action; at; in; indicates time of action; indicates means of action; cause of effect; by; and then; so; indicates continuing action; indicates certainty, emphasis, etc.
(ほん)
book; volume; script; this; present; main; head; real; regular; counter for long cylindrical things; counter for films, TV shows, etc.; counter for goals, home runs, etc.; counter for telephone calls
()
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
出版 (しゅっぱん)
publication

Kanji

Readings: ヒ、 かれ、 かの、 か.の
Meanings: he, that, the
Readings: ジョ、 ニョ、 ニョウ、 おんな、 め
Meanings: woman, female
Readings: ジ、 シ、 みずか.ら、 おの.ずから、 おの.ずと
Meaning: oneself
Readings: ブン、 フン、 ブ、 わ.ける、 わ.け、 わ.かれる、 わ.かる、 わ.かつ
Meanings: part, minute of time, segment, share, degree, one's lot, duty, understand, know, rate, 1%, chances, shaku/100
Readings: フ、 ま.ける、 ま.かす、 お.う
Meanings: defeat, negative, -, minus, bear, owe, assume a responsibility
Readings: タン、 かつ.ぐ、 にな.う
Meanings: shouldering, carry, raise, bear
Readings: ホン、 もと
Meanings: book, present, main, origin, true, real, counter for long cylindrical things
Readings: シュツ、 スイ、 で.る、 -で、 だ.す、 -だ.す、 い.でる、 い.だす
Meanings: exit, leave, go out, come out, put out, protrude
Reading: ハン
Meanings: printing block, printing plate, edition, impression, label