あなたは始発電車に間にあいましたか。

you (referring to someone of equal or lower status); dear (what a wife calls a husband)

topic marker particle; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

first departure (of the day: train, bus, etc.); first train; first bus; departing one's home station (of a train, bus, etc.)

train; electric train

at (place, time); in; on; during; to (direction, state); toward; into; for (purpose); because of (reason); for; with; by; from; as (i.e. in the role of); per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month"); and; in addition to; if; although

to be in time for; to serve (suit, meet) the purpose; to be good enough; to be enough

indicates a question (sometimes rhetorical); or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); indicates doubt, uncertainty, etc.; emphatic prefix; suffix forming adjectives or adverbs; in that way