This site will be taken down March 31st, 2026.

This was not an easy decision to make. For the last couple years, I have been struggling to find motivation for this site and to keep up with basic maintenance and security updates. With the rise of AI and more sophisticated tools, the usefulness of sites like this is questionable and traffic has nose-dived. I just don't have it in me to keep doing this. Thank you all for 10 years of support!

Zach

彼女は誰の手も借りず家を掃除した。

Sentence Analyzer

彼女 借りず 掃除した

English Translation

She cleaned the house all by herself.

Furigana

彼女(かのじょ)(だれ)()()りず(いえ)掃除(そうじ)した。

Romanji

Kanojo wa dare no te mo karizu ie o sōjishita.

Words

彼女 (かのじょ)
she; her; her; girlfriend; sweetheart
()
topic marker particle; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
(だれ、たれ、た)
who
()
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
()
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker; help; trouble; care; effort; means; way; trick; move; technique; workmanship; hand; handwriting; kind; type; sort; one's hands; one's possession; ability to cope; hand (of cards); direction; move (in go, shogi, etc.)
()
too; also; in addition; as well; (not) either (in a negative sentence); both A and B; A as well as B; neither A nor B (in a negative sentence); even; as much as; as many as; as far as; as long as; no less than; no fewer than; even if; even though; although; in spite of; further; more; again; another; the other
借りる (かりる)
to borrow; to have a loan; to rent; to hire
(いえ)
house; residence; dwelling; family; household; lineage; family name
()
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
掃除 (そうじ)
cleaning; sweeping; dusting; scrubbing

Kanji

Readings: ヒ、 かれ、 かの、 か.の
Meanings: he, that, the
Readings: ジョ、 ニョ、 ニョウ、 おんな、 め
Meanings: woman, female
Readings: スイ、 だれ、 たれ、 た
Meanings: who, someone, somebody
Readings: シュ、 ズ、 て、 て-、 -て、 た-
Meaning: hand
Readings: シャク、 か.りる
Meanings: borrow, rent
Readings: カ、 ケ、 いえ、 や、 うち
Meanings: house, home, family, professional, expert, performer
Readings: ソウ、 シュ、 は.く
Meanings: sweep, brush
Readings: ジョ、 ジ、 のぞ.く、 -よ.け
Meanings: exclude, division (x/3), remove, abolish, cancel, except