こうした引用は友人に込み入った内容の連絡を行うのに効果的であった。彼の時代では理解してもらえることを充分に期待してそうした作家から引用できたからである。

Sentence Analyzer

English Translation

These quotations were effective in sending complex messages to his friends, because, in his day, people could quote from such authors with every expectation of being understood.

Furigana

こうした引用(いんよう)は友人(ゆうじん)に込(こ)み入(い)った内容(ないよう)の連絡(れんらく)を行(おこな)うのに効果的(こうかてき)であった。彼(かれ)の時代(じだい)では理解(りかい)してもらえることを充分(じゅうぶん)に期待(きたい)してそうした作家(さっか)から引用(いんよう)できたからである。

Romanji

Kōshita in'yō wa yūjin ni komiitta naiyō no renraku o okonau noni kōkateki de atta. kare no jidai de wa rikaishitemoraeru koto o jūbun ni kitaishite sōshita sakka kara in'yō dekita kara de aru.

Words

斯うした (こうした)

such

引用 (いんよう)

quotation; citation; reference

は (は)

topic marker particle; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

友人 (ゆうじん)

friend

に (に)

at (place, time); in; on; during; to (direction, state); toward; into; for (purpose); because of (reason); for; with; by; from; as (i.e. in the role of); per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month"); and; in addition to; if; although

込み入る (こみいる)

to be complicated; to be elaborate; to push in; to be crowded

内容 (ないよう)

subject; contents; matter; substance; detail; import

の (の)

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

連絡 (れんらく)

to contact; to get in touch; contacting; getting in touch; communication; call; message; connection; coordination; junction; intercalary; intercalaris; internuncial

を (を)

indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

行う (おこなう)

to perform; to do; to conduct oneself; to carry out

のに (のに)

although; when; and yet; despite this; in spite of; even though; but even so; but even then; however; nevertheless; for all that; notwithstanding that; while; if only; I wish; I tell you; you should do; in order to

効果的 (こうかてき)

effective; successful

だ (だ)

be; is; indicates past or completed action; indicates light imperative

或 (ある)

a certain ...; some ...

彼 (かれ)

he; him; his; boyfriend

時代 (じだい)

period; epoch; era; age; the times; those days; oldness; ancientness; antiquity; antique; period piece

で (で、にて)

indicates location of action; at; in; indicates time of action; indicates means of action; cause of effect; by; and then; so; indicates continuing action; indicates certainty, emphasis, etc.

理解 (りかい)

understanding; comprehension; appreciation; sympathy

事 (こと、こん)

thing; matter; incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis; circumstances; situation; state of affairs; work; business; affair; after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to; nominalizing suffix; pretending to ...; playing make-believe ...; alias; aka; nickname; alternative name; also known as

十分 (じゅうぶん)

plenty; enough; sufficient; satisfactory; adequate; division into ten; perfectly; thoroughly; fully; in full

期待 (きたい)

expectation; anticipation; hope

然うした (そうした)

such

作家 (さっか)

author; writer; novelist; artist

から (から)

from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part); through (e.g. window, vestibule); after; since

出来る (できる)

to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at; to be permitted (to do); to become intimate; to take up (with somebody); to grow; to be raised; to become pregnant

Kanji

引

Readings: イン、ひ.く、ひ.き、ひ.き-、 -び.き、ひ.ける

Meanings: pull, tug, jerk, admit, install, quote, refer to

用

Readings: ヨウ、もち.いる

Meanings: utilize, business, service, use, employ

友

Readings: ユウ、とも

Meaning: friend

人

Readings: ジン、ニン、ひと、 -り、 -と

Meaning: person

込

Readings: -こ.む、こ.む、こ.み、 -こ.み、こ.める

Meanings: crowded, mixture, in bulk, included, (kokuji)

入

Readings: ニュウ、ジュ、い.る、 -い.る、 -い.り、い.れる、 -い.れ、はい.る

Meanings: enter, insert

内

Readings: ナイ、ダイ、うち

Meanings: inside, within, between, among, house, home

容

Readings: ヨウ、い.れる

Meanings: contain, form, looks

連

Readings: レン、つら.なる、つら.ねる、つ.れる、 -づ.れ

Meanings: take along, lead, join, connect, party, gang, clique

絡

Readings: ラク、から.む、から.まる

Meanings: entwine, coil around, get caught in

行

Readings: コウ、ギョウ、アン、い.く、ゆ.く、 -ゆ.き、 -ゆき、 -い.き、 -いき、おこな.う、おこ.なう

Meanings: going, journey, carry out, conduct, act, line, row, bank

効

Readings: コウ、き.く、ききめ、なら.う

Meanings: merit, efficacy, efficiency, benefit

果

Readings: カ、は.たす、はた.す、 -は.たす、は.てる、 -は.てる、は.て

Meanings: fruit, reward, carry out, achieve, complete, end, finish, succeed

的

Readings: テキ、まと

Meanings: bull's eye, mark, target, object, adjective ending

彼

Readings: ヒ、かれ、かの、か.の

Meanings: he, that, the

時

Readings: ジ、とき、 -どき

Meanings: time, hour

代

Readings: ダイ、タイ、か.わる、かわ.る、かわ.り、か.わり、 -がわ.り、 -が.わり、か.える、よ、しろ

Meanings: substitute, change, convert, replace, period, age, counter for decades of ages, eras, etc., generation, charge, rate, fee

理

Readings: リ、ことわり

Meanings: logic, arrangement, reason, justice, truth

解

Readings: カイ、ゲ、と.く、と.かす、と.ける、ほど.く、ほど.ける、わか.る、さと.る

Meanings: unravel, notes, key, explanation, understanding, untie, undo, solve, answer, cancel, absolve, explain, minute

充

Readings: ジュウ、あ.てる、み.たす

Meanings: allot, fill

分

Readings: ブン、フン、ブ、わ.ける、わ.け、わ.かれる、わ.かる、わ.かつ

Meanings: part, minute of time, segment, share, degree, one's lot, duty, understand, know, rate, 1%, chances, shaku/100

期

Readings: キ、ゴ

Meanings: period, time, date, term

待

Readings: タイ、ま.つ、 -ま.ち

Meanings: wait, depend on

作

Readings: サク、サ、つく.る、つく.り、 -づく.り

Meanings: make, production, prepare, build

家

Readings: カ、ケ、いえ、や、うち

Meanings: house, home, family, professional, expert, performer