このシャツを洗濯する必要があります。

this (something or someone close to the speaker (including the speaker), or ideas expressed by the speaker)

shirt (underwear); undershirt; singlet; shirt (outerwear, esp. dress shirt)

indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

washing; laundry

necessary; needed; essential; indispensable; necessity; need; requirement

indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; still; and

to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to exist; to live; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about