This site will be taken down March 31st, 2026.

This was not an easy decision to make. For the last couple years, I have been struggling to find motivation for this site and to keep up with basic maintenance and security updates. With the rise of AI and more sophisticated tools, the usefulness of sites like this is questionable and traffic has nose-dived. I just don't have it in me to keep doing this. Thank you all for 10 years of support!

Zach

この手紙は昨晩ナオコによって書かれました。

Sentence Analyzer

この 手紙 昨晩 なおこ によって 書かれました

English Translation

This letter was written by Naoko last night.

Furigana

この手紙(てがみ)昨晩(さくばん)ナオコによって()かれました。

Romanji

Kono tegami wa sakuban Naoko niyotte kakaremashita.

Words

此の (この)
this (something or someone close to the speaker (including the speaker), or ideas expressed by the speaker)
手紙 (てがみ)
letter
()
topic marker particle; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
昨晩 (さくばん)
last night
なおこ (なおこ)
long thin brown "naoko" mushroom
に因って (によって)
according to; by (means of); due to; because of
書く (かく)
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint

Kanji

Readings: シュ、 ズ、 て、 て-、 -て、 た-
Meaning: hand
Readings: シ、 かみ
Meaning: paper
Reading: サク
Meanings: yesterday, previous
Reading: バン
Meanings: nightfall, night
Readings: ショ、 か.く、 -が.き、 -がき
Meaning: write