これらの棚には本はたくさんありません。

these

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

shelf; shelves; ledge; rack; trellis

at (place, time); in; on; during; to (direction, state); toward; into; for (purpose); because of (reason); for; with; by; from; as (i.e. in the role of); per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month"); and; in addition to; if; although

topic marker particle; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

book; volume; script; this; present; main; head; real; regular; counter for long cylindrical things; counter for films, TV shows, etc.; counter for goals, home runs, etc.; counter for telephone calls

a lot; lots; plenty; many; a large number; much; a great deal; a good deal; enough; sufficient; enough; too many; too much

to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to exist; to live; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about