その犬はいすの上にいる。

that (something or someone distant from the speaker, close to the listener; actions of the listener, or ideas expressed or understood by the listener); the; um...; er...; uh...

dog (Canis (lupus) familiaris); snoop (i.e. a detective, a spy, etc.); loser; asshole; counterfeit; inferior; useless; wasteful

topic marker particle; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

chair; stool; post; office; position

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

to need; to want