たいへん多くの人々がいた。

very; greatly; immense; enormous; great; serious; grave; dreadful; terrible; difficult; hard; major incident; disaster

many; much; largely; abundantly; mostly

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

each person; people; men and women; everybody

indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; still; and

to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; (after the -te form of a verb) verb indicating continuing action or state (i.e. to be ..ing, to have been ..ing)