霜は農作物に悪影響を及ぼしました。

Sentence Analyzer

霜は農作物に悪影響を及ぼしました。

English Translation

The frost had a bad effect on the crops.

Furigana

霜(しも)は農作物(のうさくもつ)に悪影響(あくえいきょう)を及(およ)ぼしました。

Romanji

Shimo wa nōsakumotsu ni akueikyō o oyoboshimashita.

Words

霜 (しも)

frost

は (は)

topic marker particle; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

農作物 (のうさくぶつ)

crops; agricultural produce

に (に)

at (place, time); in; on; during; to (direction, state); toward; into; for (purpose); because of (reason); for; with; by; from; as (i.e. in the role of); per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month"); and; in addition to; if; although

悪影響 (あくえいきょう)

bad influence; negative influence

を (を)

indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

及ぼす (およぼす)

to exert; to cause; to exercise