大きな木が嵐で倒れた。

big; large; great

tree; shrub; bush; wood; timber

indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; still; and

storm; tempest; difficulty; trouble

indicates location of action; at; in; indicates time of action; indicates means of action; cause of effect; by; and then; so; indicates continuing action; indicates certainty, emphasis, etc.

to fall; to collapse; to drop; to fall senseless; to be forced to bed (by illness, etc.); to die; to go bankrupt; to be ruined; to have a bad debt; to be defeated (in a game); to fall (of governments, dictators, etc.)